Here’s why November 11 is a public holiday in France: its history and origins

Published by Caroline de Sortiraparis · Photos by Graziella de Sortiraparis · Updated on November 7, 2026 at 10:50 a.m.
Every year, France holds a series of tributes and commemorations on November 11. But do you remember the origins of this historic date in France? And do you know why November 11 is a public holiday? Here’s the story.

In 2026, November 11 falls on a Wednesday. It’s a chance to enjoy a day off right in the middle of the week. But behind this public holiday lies a date that has become very important in French history.

It was on November 11, 1918, at exactly 5:15 a.m., that theArmistice was signed by representatives of the Allies (France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States) and the German army. Among those present were Marshal Foch, Supreme Allied Commander,Admiral Wemyss, British representative, and Matthias Erzberger, representative of the German government. The armistice was signed in a restaurant car in the forest of Compiègne, in the Oise region of France.

To announce the Allied victory and thus the end of the First World War (1914-1918), the bells began to ring at 11am. The signing of the Treaty of Versailles, which definitively marked the end of the war, took place on June 28, 1919. The First World War claimed almost 18 million lives, including 9 million civilians.

In 1920, the remains of an unknown soldier were placed under the Arc de Triomphe, in tribute to all the soldiers who went missing in the First World War. On October 24, 1922, November 11 became an official commemorative holiday in France.

Since then, every November 11, France has paid tribute to the soldiers and victims of the First World War. On this day, commemorations follow one another. The President of the Republic lays a tricolor wreath of flowers at the foot of the statue of Georges Clemenceau. The Head of State then walked up the Champs-Élysées, escorted by several cavalrymen from the Republican Guard, along the most beautiful avenue in the world. He concluded this tribute by paying his respects at the famous tomb of the Unknown Soldier, beneath theArc de Triomphe.

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Throughout the commemorations, the President and other officials wear a cornflower, which has become a national symbol for veterans and victims of war. Why a cornflower? During the First World War, this is how the Poilus nicknamed the new soldiers, in reference to their blue uniforms.

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Practical information

Dates and Opening Time
On November 11, 2026

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